What Are the Signs of a Sprained Ankle?

A sprain is an injury to the ligaments, which are the tissues that connect two or more bones at a joint. This type of injury usually happens when a joint is abruptly pushed beyond its usual movement limits. Generally, sprains heal within a few weeks. However, a severe sprain can appear similar to a fracture, making it difficult for medical professionals to differentiate between them. The sprained ankle is the most frequently occurring injury in sports.

The typical signs of a sprained ankle include:

  • Swelling
  • Tenderness
  • Pain
  • Bruising

These symptoms, while unpleasant, are part of your body’s natural defence system. When you sprain an ankle, inflammation occurs as the body’s response to injury. This process increases blood flow, activates immune cells, and clears away damaged tissue to protect and repair the area.

In some cases, you might also notice reduced mobility in the ankle joint.

How Severe Is My Sprain

Ankle sprains are classified into three grades based on the extent of ligament damage:

  • Grade 1: Mild stretching of the ligament, with minor swelling and discomfort, no joint instability.
  • Grade 2: Partial tearing of the ligament, which may make walking difficult. Mild joint instability.
  • Grade 3: Complete ligament tear, often accompanied by severe pain and an inability to walk. Complete joint instability.

Most sprains occur when the foot turns inward, causing injury to the ligaments on the outside of the ankle. This inward movement, known as inversion, puts excessive strain on the ligaments that stabilise the joint, making them particularly susceptible to damage. The severity of your sprain will determine the treatment approach and recovery time.

Effective Management: PRICE and Avoiding HARM

To support recovery, follow the PRICE method and avoid HARM during the initial 72 hours after injury.

PRICE

  • Protect:

Prevent further injury by wrapping the ankle with a bandage or wearing supportive footwear. A high-sided shoe or brace can offer stability.

  • Rest:

Limit activity for the first 2-3 days, but avoid complete immobility. Gradually introduce gentle weight-bearing activities to prevent stiffness.

  • Ice:

Apply a cold pack wrapped in a cloth for 15-20 minutes every 2-3 hours. Avoid applying ice directly to the skin.

  • Compression:

Use an elastic or tubular bandage to reduce swelling. Ensure the bandage isn’t too tight, and remove it before sleeping.

  • Elevate:

Keep the ankle raised above heart level whenever possible. This helps reduce swelling and encourages fluid drainage.

Avoid HARM

  • Heat:

Avoid hot baths or heat packs, as these can increase swelling and bruising in the early stages.

  • Alcohol:

Steer clear of alcohol, which can delay healing by increasing blood flow to the injured area.

  • Running:

Refrain from any activity that might worsen the injury.

  • Massage:

Avoid massaging the area initially, as this can exacerbate swelling and bleeding. Gentle massage may be soothing after 72 hours.

Additionally, ensure you wear appropriate footwear during recovery to prevent re-injury and provide sufficient ankle support. Well-fitted shoes with good arch support can significantly aid your recovery.

What Pain Relief Options Can Be Used

For management of mild to moderate pain, consider the following:

  • Paracetamol:

A simple and effective choice for mild to moderate pain.

  • Ibuprofen:

Ibuprofen alleviates pain. It works by blocking enzymes that produce prostaglandins, chemicals responsible for pain and swelling.

For fast and effective relief, consider using Nurofen Express Tablets, which contains ibuprofen with anti-inflammatory properties, and is designed to provide quick pain relief by being absorbed faster than standard ibuprofen tablets.

For a topical option, Nurofen Joint and Muscular Pain Relief Medicated Plaster offers targeted relief by delivering ibuprofen directly to the affected area.

Always use these products as part of a broader treatment plan and follow the instructions on the packaging. If symptoms persist, consult your pharmacist or doctor.

When to Seek Medical Advice

Most sprains can be managed at home, but you should see a healthcare provider if:

  • The pain or swelling worsens.
  • Symptoms do not gradually settle.
  • You experience tingling, numbness, or a loss of sensation.
  • The injury prevents you from performing daily activities.
  • There is severe ankle swelling and bruising that does not improve despite treatment.
  • If you’re diabetic.

Prompt medical attention ensures proper diagnosis and reduces the risk of long-term complications. Ignoring persistent symptoms could lead to chronic instability or recurrent injuries, so don’t hesitate to seek professional guidance.

This article is for general information only and not intended as a substitute for medical advice. All information presented on these web pages is not meant to diagnose or prescribe. In all health-related matters, always consult your healthcare professional. Always read the product label. Use only as directed. Incorrect use could be harmful. If symptoms persist consult your healthcare professional.

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